Abstract
Battery energy storage systems, comprising lead-acid batteries, power conversion systems, and control systems, are in commercial operation around the world. They are used by three main groups: power generating utilities; power distributing utilities; and major power consumers (such as electric furnace foundries). The principal advantages of battery energy storage systems to generating utilities include load leveling; frequency control; spinning reserve; modular construction; convenient siting; no emissions; and investment deferral for new generation and transmission equipment. Power distributing utilities and major power consumers can avoid costly demand changes by discharging their batteries at peak periods and then recharging with lower cost off-peak power (say, at night). Battery energy storage systems are most cost effective when designed for discharge periods of less than 5 h; other systems (for example, pumped water storage) are better suited for longer discharges. It is estimated that by the year 2000 there will be a potential need for 4000 MW of battery-energy storage. New construction of five plants totaling 100 MW is presently scheduled for completion by the Puerto Rico Electric-Power Authority between 1992 and 1995. © 1993 IEEE
Recommended Citation
M. D. Anderson and D. S. Carr, "Battery Energy Storage Technologies," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 81, no. 3, pp. 475 - 479, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Jan 1993.
The definitive version is available at https://doi.org/10.1109/5.241482
Department(s)
Electrical and Computer Engineering
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
1558-2256; 0018-9219
Document Type
Article - Journal
Document Version
Citation
File Type
text
Language(s)
English
Rights
© 2023 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, All rights reserved.
Publication Date
01 Jan 1993
