Nucleic Acid-Based Electrochemical Biosensor: Recent Advances in Probe Immobilization and Signal Amplification Strategies

Abstract

With the increasing importance of accurate and early disease diagnosis and the development of personalized medicine, DNA-based electrochemical biosensor has attracted broad scientific and clinical interests in the past decades due to its unique hybridization specificity, fast response time, and potential for miniaturization. In order to achieve high detection sensitivity, the design of DNA electrochemical biosensors depends critically on the improvement of the accessibility of target molecules and the enhancement of signal readout. Here, we summarize the recent advances in DNA probe immobilization and signal amplification strategies with a special focus on DNA nanostructure-supported DNA probe immobilization method, which provides the opportunity to rationally control the distance between probes and keep them in upright confirmation, as well as the contribution of functional nanomaterials in enhancing the signal amplification. The next challenge of biosensors will be the fabrication of point-of-care devices for clinical testing. The advancement of multidisciplinary areas, including nanofabrication, material science, and biochemistry, has exhibited profound promise in achieving such portable sensing devices.

This article is categorized under:

Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing
Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices
Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Nucleic Acid-Based Structures.

Department(s)

Chemistry

Comments

National Science Foundation, Grant CCF‐1814797

Keywords and Phrases

DNA Nanostructure; Electrochemical Biosensor; Nanomaterials; Probe Immobilization; Signal Amplification

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

1939-0041; 1939-5116

Document Type

Article - Journal

Document Version

Citation

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2021 Wiley, All rights reserved.

Publication Date

January/February 2022

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