Abstract
The use of nanomaterial-based products continues to grow with advancing technology. Understanding the potential toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs) is important to ensure that products containing them do not impose harmful effects to human or environmental health. In this study, we evaluated the comparative cytotoxicity between nickel oxide (NiO) and nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) in human bronchoalveolar carcinoma (A549) and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines. Cellular viability studies revealed cell line-specific cytotoxicity in which nickel NPs were toxic to A549 cells but relatively nontoxic to HepG2 cells. Time-, concentration-, and particle-specific cytotoxicity was observed in A549 cells. NP-induced oxidative stress triggered dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential and induction of caspase-3 enzyme activity. The subsequent apoptotic events led to reduction in cell number. In addition to cell death, suppression of cell proliferation played an essential role in regulating cell number. Collectively, the observed cell viability is a function of cell death and suppression of proliferation. Physical and chemical properties of NPs such as total surface area and metal dissolution are in agreement with the observed differential cytotoxicity. Understanding the properties of NPs is essential in informing the design of safer materials.
Recommended Citation
M. H. Cambre et al., "Cytotoxicity of NiO and Ni(OH)₂ Nanoparticles is Mediated by Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Death and Suppression of Cell Proliferation," International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 21, no. 7, MDPI AG, Apr 2020.
The definitive version is available at https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072355
Department(s)
Biological Sciences
Research Center/Lab(s)
Center for Research in Energy and Environment (CREE)
Keywords and Phrases
Apoptosis; Caspase-3; Cell cycle; Cell proliferation; Mitochondrial membrane potential; Nanoparticles; Oxidative stress; Physicochemical properties; Viability
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
1661-6596; 1422-0067
Document Type
Article - Journal
Document Version
Final Version
File Type
text
Language(s)
English
Rights
© 2020 The Authors, All rights reserved.
Creative Commons Licensing
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Publication Date
01 Apr 2020
PubMed ID
32231169
Comments
This research was supported by Missouri S&T cDNA Resource Center.