Abstract
The focal plane camera is the core component of the Wide Field-of-view Cherenkov/fluorescence Telescope Array (WFCTA) of the Large High-Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). Because of the capability of working under moonlight without aging, silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) have been proven to be not only an alternative but also an improvement to conventional photomultiplier tubes (PMT) in this application. Eighteen SiPM-based cameras with square light funnels have been built for WFCTA. The telescopes have collected more than 100 million cosmic ray events and preliminary results indicate that these cameras are capable of working under moonlight. The characteristics of the light funnels and SiPMs pose challenges (e.g. dynamic range, dark count rate, assembly techniques). In this paper, we present the design features, manufacturing techniques and performances of these cameras. Finally, the test facilities, the test methods and results of SiPMs in the cameras are reported here.
Recommended Citation
"Construction And On-site Performance Of The LHAASO WFCTA Camera," European Physical Journal C, vol. 81, no. 7, article no. 657, SpringerOpen; EDP Sciences; Società Italiana di Fisica, Jul 2021.
The definitive version is available at https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09414-z
Department(s)
Physics
Publication Status
Open Access
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
1434-6052; 1434-6044
Document Type
Article - Journal
Document Version
Final Version
File Type
text
Language(s)
English
Rights
© 2025 The Authors, All rights reserved.
Creative Commons Licensing
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Publication Date
01 Jul 2021
Comments
Applied Basic Research Foundation of Yunnan Province, Grant 2018FA004