GOLDRUSH. II. Clustering of Galaxies at z ∼ 4-6 Revealed with the Half-Million Dropouts over the 100 Deg² Area Corresponding to 1 Gpc³

Abstract

We present clustering properties from 579492 Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) at z ∼ 4-6 over the 100 deg2 sky (corresponding to a 1.4 Gpc3 volume) identified in early data of the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru Strategic Program survey.We derive angular correlation functions (ACFs) for the HSC LBGs with unprecedentedly high statistical accuracies at z ∼ 4-6, and compare them with the halo occupation distribution (HOD) models. We clearly identify significant ACF excesses in 10" < θ < 90", the transition scale between one- and two-halo terms, suggestive of the existence of the non-linear halo bias effect. Combining the HOD models and previous clustering measurements of faint LBGs at z ∼ 4-7, we investigate the dark matter halo mass (Mh) of the z ∼ 4-7 LBGs and its correlation with various physical properties including the star formation rate (SFR), the stellar-to-halo mass ratio (SHMR), and the dark matter accretion rate (Mh) over a wide mass range of Mh/M⊙ = 4 x 1010-4 x 1012. We find that the SHMR increases from z ∼ 4 to 7 by a factor of ∼4 at Mh ≃ 1 x 1011M, while the SHMR shows no strong evolution in the similar redshift range at Mh ≃ 1 x 1012 M⊙. Interestingly, we identify a tight relation of SFR/Mh-Mh showing no significant evolution beyond 0.15 dex in this wide mass range over z ∼ 4-7. This weak evolution suggests that the SFR/Mh-Mh relation is a fundamental relation in high-redshift galaxy formation whose star formation activities are regulated by the dark matter mass assembly. Assuming this fundamental relation, we calculate the cosmic star formation rate densities (SFRDs) over z = 0-10 (a.k.a. the Madau-Lilly plot). The cosmic SFRD evolution based on the fundamental relation agrees with the one obtained by observations, suggesting that the cosmic SFRD increase from z ∼ 10 to 4 - 2 (decrease from z ∼ 4-2 to 0) is mainly driven by the increase of the halo abundance (the decrease of the accretion rate).

Department(s)

Physics

Keywords and Phrases

Evolution-galaxies; Formation-galaxies; Galaxies; High-redshift

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

0004-6264; 2053-051X

Document Type

Article - Journal

Document Version

Citation

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2018 The Authors, All rights reserved.

Publication Date

01 Jan 2018

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