Wound Infection Detection Using A Rapid Biomarker

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of a rapid, point-of-care diagnostic biomarker that is sensitive to overexpression of gelatinases, the major expressed biomolecules during wound infection. Wound exudate composition and pH are key determinants of infection, and rapid infection detection has an important role in wound healing. METHODS The biomarker was first investigated for cytotoxic effects, and irritation and sensitization tests were carried out. The biomarker was then tested on 198 patients suffering from different types of wounds. Data including age, sex, wound type, depth, site, etiology, and exudate pH were collected. Wound pH was measured to determine if it could be a possible early indicator of infection, and bacterial wound cultures were performed as a control. RESULTS Analysis revealed that the biomarker had no cytotoxicity and caused no erythema, edema, or other adverse response. The rapid diagnostic biomarker demonstrated overall clinical sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value: 96.84%, 97.5%, 96.96%, 99.35%, and 88.63%, respectively. Moreover, infected wounds had higher pH values according to culture results and nearly 80% of chronic, nonhealing wounds were infected. CONCLUSIONS This biomarker enables caregivers to detect wound infection in a timely manner and treat it efficiently. Wound pH monitoring may potentially be a useful method for indicating the presence or absence of infection.

Department(s)

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Keywords and Phrases

gelatinases; infection; pathogens; rapid diagnostic biomarker; wound infection; wound pH

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

1538-8654; 1527-7941

Document Type

Article - Journal

Document Version

Final Version

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2025 Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, All rights reserved.

Publication Date

01 Jan 2023

PubMed ID

36537773

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