Abstract

Multidirectional laminated composites are essential for load-bearing structures, especially under frequent impact loading. While existing modeling techniques simulate various impact damage modes, our understanding of the underlying mechanisms, specifically the initiation and progression of intralaminar distal cracks and interlaminar delamination, needs improvement. Validating these mechanisms is crucial for enhancing modeling accuracy and expediting the design process. In this work, we propose a three-dimensional finite element modeling (3D FEM) approach aimed at elucidating the impact damage mechanisms in multidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). Our model incorporates cohesive zone models (CZM) to simulate the behavior of intralaminar cracks at distal points and assess their impact on interlaminar delamination at ply interfaces. Using high-resolution pulse-echo ultrasonic testing (UT) and an advanced algorithm, we provide a detailed layer-by-layer quantification of impact damage. Our modeling strategy effectively predicts both intralaminar and interlaminar damage modes across various laminate configurations and thicknesses, yielding results that align with experimental data. The strategy can be a significant step forward in understanding the low-velocity impact damage in composite laminates. By enabling visualization of through-thickness damage, the strategy may enhance the safety and efficiency of composite structures.

Department(s)

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Publication Status

Open Access

Keywords and Phrases

composites; damage zone; finite element analysis (FEA); impact resistance

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

1548-0569; 0272-8397

Document Type

Article - Journal

Document Version

Citation

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2025 Wiley; Society of Plastics Engineers, All rights reserved.

Publication Date

01 Jan 2025

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