Abstract

A likely mechanism for the little-understood tornado genesis is proposed and its numerical implementation is presented. The Burgers-Rott vortex with its axis in the vertical direction is introduced as an instability mechanism, and the flow field then evolves under the influence of the atmospheric pressure, temperature and density variations with altitude. Buoyancy effects are implemented using the Boussinesq model. Results are presented and discussed for a set of conditions including mesh type and size, different turbulence models, and a few different boundary conditions. Post-processed results of the transient simulations including animations contain a wealth of information to help analyze tornado behavior. Velocity contours, pressure contours, vorticity contours, streamlines, and iso-surfaces show the evolution of a complex flow field possessing many characteristics of a tornado. At longer times from the start, the flow field becomes more asymmetric with the vortex core becoming more twisted, and the eye of the vortex drifting away from the axis of the computational domain. The single initial vortex then transitions into multiple vortices of varying size and orientation. These high Reynolds number (ReΓ ∼109) simulation results show flow fields that resemble highly unsteady, turbulent flows with large regions of flow separation, and large eddy size range.

Department(s)

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Publication Status

Open Access

Comments

National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Grant 80 NSSC20M0100

Keywords and Phrases

Decay; Evolution; Mars dust devils; Tornado CFD simulation; Tornadogenesis

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

0167-6105

Document Type

Article - Journal

Document Version

Citation

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2023 Elsevier, All rights reserved.

Publication Date

01 Oct 2023

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