Abstract
The joining of dissimilar materials is becoming increasingly prevalent to integrate different material properties to enhance design flexibility and overall performance. This study introduced an innovative approach to additively manufacture copper on 316L stainless steel (SS316L) via Inconel 718 interlayers using directed energy deposition (DED). The novel multi-material structure was studied both experimentally and theoretically. The microstructure, tensile properties, microhardness, and thermal performance of the structure were characterized. Residual stress distribution over the structure was revealed by experimental-validated numerical modeling. The result exhibits that defect-free structures with excellent interfacial bonding can be achieved by introducing Inconel 718 interlayers. The bonding strength of copper-Inconel 718 and Inconel 718-SS316L exceeds the ultimate tensile strength of copper (257 ± 23 MPa) and SS316L (525 ± 25 MPa), respectively. A ∼125% increment in thermal conductivity and ∼450% increment in thermal diffusivity were achieved in the hybrid structure when compared with these of SS316L, indicating a significant enhancement in thermal performance. A peak longitudinal tensile residual stress of 137 MPa and compressive stress of 94 MPa is seen at the Inconel 718-SS316L and copper-Inconel 718 interfaces, respectively. This study provides a new strategy to make stainless steel-copper functionally graded materials using DED to offer diverse properties.
Recommended Citation
X. Zhang et al., "Additive Manufacturing of Stainless Steel -- Copper Functionally Graded Materials via Inconel 718 Interlayer," Journal of Materials Research and Technology, vol. 15, pp. 2045 - 2058, Elsevier B. V., Nov 2021.
The definitive version is available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.09.027
Department(s)
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Research Center/Lab(s)
Intelligent Systems Center
Keywords and Phrases
Additive manufacturing; Cu; Directed energy deposition; Dissimilar joining; Functionally graded materials; Stainless steel
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
2238-7854
Document Type
Article - Journal
Document Version
Final Version
File Type
text
Language(s)
English
Rights
© 2021 The Authors, All rights reserved.
Creative Commons Licensing
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.
Publication Date
01 Nov 2021
Comments
This project was supported by National Science Foundation Grants CMMI-1547042 and CMMI 1625736, Intelligent Systems Center, Center for Aerospace Manufacturing Technologies, and Material Research Center at Missouri S&T. Their financial support is greatly appreciated.