Repetitive Process Control of Additive Manufacturing with Application to Laser Metal Deposition
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a set of manufacturing processes that have promise in the production of complex, functional structures that cannot be fabricated with conventional manufacturing, and in the repair of high-value parts. However, a significant challenge to the adoption of AM processes to these applications is proper process control. Because AM processes exhibit dynamics in two dimensions--within a layer and from one layer to the next--unconventional tools are needed to enable the necessary process control. Here, stability analysis and control design are presented for the laser metal deposition (LMD) process, based on a previously developed 2-D modeling framework. Linear repetitive process results are extended in order to analyze the stability of this class of systems. A layer-to-layer process controller is developed using a spatial dynamic model of the process and layer-domain closed-loop poles. The stability analysis and control methodology are applied to the LMD process, which is known to exhibit layer-to-layer instability in both open-loop and in-process control depositions. Walls are experimentally fabricated using constant process parameters and the proposed control methodology. The results demonstrate that the proposed control methodology is able to track the reference height and remove the unstable ripple dynamic that naturally occurred in the open-loop deposition.
Recommended Citation
P. M. Sammons et al., "Repetitive Process Control of Additive Manufacturing with Application to Laser Metal Deposition," IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 566 - 575, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Mar 2019.
The definitive version is available at https://doi.org/10.1109/TCST.2017.2781653
Department(s)
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Research Center/Lab(s)
Intelligent Systems Center
Keywords and Phrases
3D printers; Asymptotic stability; Deposition; Engineering education; Iterative methods; Manufacture; Metal analysis; Metals; Stability; System stability; Control design; Iterative learning control; Laser stability; Layer controls; Multidimensional systems; Repetitive process; Stability analysis; Process control; Additive manufacturing (AM); Layer-to-layer control; Repetitive process control (RPC); Three-dimensional printing
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
1063-6536; 1558-0865
Document Type
Article - Journal
Document Version
Citation
File Type
text
Language(s)
English
Rights
© 2018 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), All rights reserved.
Publication Date
01 Mar 2019
Comments
This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under CMMI1301414 and in part by the U.S. Department of Education GAANN Fellowship under Grant P200A120062.