Abstract

Titanium alloys have excellent corrosion resistance, high temperature strength, low density, and biocompatibility. Therefore, they are increasingly used for aerospace, biomedical, and chemical applications. Investment casting is a well-established process for manufacturing near-net-shape intricate parts for such applications. However, mass transfer arising from metal-mold reactions is still a major problem that drastically impairs the surface and properties of the castings. Although there have been astounding developments over the past 20 years, they remain scattered in various research papers and conference proceedings. This review summarizes the current status of the field, gaps in the scientific understanding, and the research needs for the expansion of efficient casting of titanium alloys. The uniqueness of this paper includes a comprehensive analysis of the interfacial reactions and mass transfer problems. Additionally, momentum and heat transfer are presented where applicable, to offer a holistic understanding of the transport phenomena involved in investment casting. Solutions based on modeling and experimental validation are discussed, highlighting ceramic oxide refractories like zirconia, yttria, calcia, alumina, and novel refractories namely, calcium zirconate and barium zirconate. It was found that while mold material selection is vital, alloy composition should also be carefully considered in mitigating metal-mold reactions and mass transfer.

Department(s)

Materials Science and Engineering

Comments

University of Connecticut, Grant None

Keywords and Phrases

alpha-case; Corrosion; Investment casting; Mass transfer; Metal-mold reactions; Refractories; Titanium alloys

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

0925-8388

Document Type

Article - Journal

Document Version

Citation

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2023 Elsevier, All rights reserved.

Publication Date

05 Jun 2021

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