Abstract
Silicon and molybdenum (SiMo) ductile iron is commonly used for exhaust manifolds because these components experience thermal cycling in oxidizing environment, which requires resistance to fatigue during transient thermomechanical loads. Previous studies have demonstrated that alloying elements, such as Al, to SiMo ductile iron reduces the amount of surface degradation during static high-temperature exposure. However, deterioration of sphericity of the graphite nodules and a decrease in ductility could affect the tendency of cracking during thermal cycling. In this article, the effect of Al alloying on static and transient thermomechanical behavior of SiMo ductile iron was investigated to optimize the amount of Al alloying. A thermodynamic approach was used to confirm the effect of the Al alloying on the phase transformations in two SiMo cast irons, alloyed by 1.8% Al and 3% Al. These two alloys were cast in a laboratory along with the baseline SiMo ductile iron. Several experimental methods were used to evaluate the dimensional stability, physical properties, static oxidation, and failure resistance during constrained thermal cycling testing to compare their high-temperature capability. Experimental results verified that Al alloying increases the temperature range and decreases volume change during eutectoid transformation, which together with enhancement of oxidation protection improved the dimensional stability. Thermocycling tests showed that the number of cycles to failure depends on the amount of Al alloying and the applied high-temperature exposure during each cycle. SEM/EDX, high-resolution TEM and µCT analysis were used to verify the mechanism resulting from the Al alloying protection. It was shown that an optimal level of Al alloying for balancing oxidation and thermal cracking resistance depends on thermomechanical conditions of application.
Recommended Citation
S. N. Lekakh et al., "Control of High-Temperature Static and Transient Thermomechanical Behavior of SiMo Ductile Iron by Al Alloying," International Journal of Metalcasting, Springer, Feb 2022.
The definitive version is available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-022-00768-y
Department(s)
Materials Science and Engineering
Second Department
Mining Engineering
Research Center/Lab(s)
Peaslee Steel Manufacturing Research Center
Keywords and Phrases
Aluminum Alloying; Ductile Iron; Thermomechanical Behavior
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
2163-3193; 1939-5981
Document Type
Article - Journal
Document Version
Final Version
File Type
text
Language(s)
English
Rights
© 2022 The Authors, All rights reserved.
Creative Commons Licensing
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Publication Date
15 Feb 2022
Comments
This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) under the Award Number DE-EE0008458. The authors appreciate support from the Peaslee Steel Research Manufacturing Center at Missouri University of Science and Technology.