Bioactive Ceramic Implants Composed of Hollow Hydroxyapatite Microspheres for Bone Regeneration

Abstract

The regeneration of large bone defects resulting from trauma, malignancy, and congenital diseases represents a common and significant clinical problem. Problems with existing treatments such as autologous bone grafts and bone allografts have increased the need for bone graft substitutes. However, synthetic bone substitutes currently have significant drawbacks and their use in bone graft procedures is limited. This article will provide a review of our recent work on the development of implants composed of hollow hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres to meet the need for improved bone graft substitutes with an in vivo performance approaching that of autologous bone grafts, the gold standard for treatment. Hollow HA microspheres (106-150 μm) created using a glass conversion technique have a high surface area (>100 m2/g), mesoporous shell wall (pore size 10-20 nm). In addition to being bioactive and osteoconductive, the hollow HA microspheres have the ability to function as a device for controlled delivery of growth factors, such as bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) known to stimulate bone formation. Upon implantation for 6 weeks in rat calvarial defects, hollow HA microspheres loaded with BMP-2 (1 μg/defect) regenerated bone 2-3 times faster than similar microspheres without BMP-2, and more than 4-5 times faster than silicate 45S5 bioactive glass particles (150-250 μm), the gold standard for bioactive glasses. Those results indicate that hollow HA microspheres loaded with BMP-2 are promising in bone repair.

Meeting Name

Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics VI - 37th International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites (2013: Jan. 27-Feb. 1, Daytona Beach, FL)

Department(s)

Materials Science and Engineering

International Standard Book Number (ISBN)

978-1118807668

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

0196-6219

Document Type

Article - Conference proceedings

Document Version

Citation

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2014 Wiley-Blackwell, All rights reserved.

Publication Date

01 Jan 2014

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