HIGHLY ACCURATE OPERATOR FACTORIZATION METHODS for the INTEGRAL FRACTIONAL LAPLACIAN and its GENERALIZATION

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a new class of operator factorization methods to discretize the integral fractional Laplacian (−∆)α/2 for α ∈ (0, 2). One main advantage is that our method can easily increase numerical accuracy by using high-degree Lagrange basis functions, but remain its scheme structure and computer implementation unchanged. Moreover, it results in a symmetric (multilevel) Toeplitz differentiation matrix, enabling efficient computation via the fast Fourier transforms. If constant or linear basis functions are used, our method has an accuracy of O(h2), while O(h4) for quadratic basis functions with h a small mesh size. This accuracy can be achieved for any α ∈ (0, 2) and can be further increased if higher-degree basis functions are chosen. Numerical experiments are provided to approximate the fractional Laplacian and solve the fractional Poisson problems. It shows that if the solution of fractional Poisson problem satisfies u ∈ Cm,l((equation presented)) for m ∈ ℕ and 0 < l < 1, our method has an accuracy of O(hmin{m+l, 2}) for constant and linear basis functions, while O(hmin{m+l, 4}) for quadratic basis functions. Additionally, our method can be readily applied to approximate the generalized fractional Laplacians with symmetric kernel function, and numerical study on the tempered fractional Poisson problem demonstrates its efficiency.

Department(s)

Mathematics and Statistics

Comments

National Science Foundation, Grant DMS-1913293

Keywords and Phrases

Fractional Laplacian; fractional Poisson problems; Lagrange basis functions; operator factorization; tempered fractional Laplacian

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

1937-1179; 1937-1632

Document Type

Article - Journal

Document Version

Citation

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2023 American Institute of Mathematical Sciences (AIMS), All rights reserved.

Publication Date

01 Apr 2022

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