Masters Theses

Abstract

"The relationship of submarine stratovolcanic and salt structures with overlying sediments creates a significant role in the petroleum system due to the emplacement and burial of volcano and salt. This study characterizes the spatial and temporal distribution of structural and stratigraphic features associated with submarine stratovolcano and salt body to provide insights for elements and processes of petroleum geology related to regional tectonics.

The stratovolcanic and salt structures are clearly identified on seismic sections. However, distortion of ray paths passing through the salt and turning seismic waves prevents accurate identification of steep flanks of salt. The seismic response to a surface of contact between the volcanic/salt structure and surrounding strata is interpreted as an unconformity. Adjacent younger layers onlap volcanic and salt structures. Magmatic intrusion thermally affects the maturity of source rocks, and oil migrates from the source rocks to volcaniclastic rocks along the major fault-2. Hydrocarbons migrate up to the shallow depth due to the fault and lack of impermeable seal rocks, and that causes gas chimneys and bright spots to be observed on seismic sections. Stratigraphic interpretation reveals features such as gullies, canyons, incised valleys, dendritic drainages, and seamount-edge fans. Seismic stratigraphy of volcano and enclosing formations shows seven dominant seismic facies. Petrophysical analysis indicates 21% porosity and 86.24 mD permeability for the Miocene Volcanics. Similar results are obtained in the interpretation of salt structures. Seismic interpretation focused on the seafloor shows stratigraphic and structural configuration affected by salt body in shallow depths. The high-amplitude seafloor reflectivity area represents the seafloor mound associated with hydrocarbon migration along growth faults, which were created by the salt body. Chaotic and attenuated reflections at shallow depths and negative reflection below the seafloor mound show the presence of gas"--Abstract, page iii.

Advisor(s)

Liu, Kelly H.

Committee Member(s)

Gao, Stephen S.
Anderson, Neil L. (Neil Lennart), 1954-

Department(s)

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering

Degree Name

M.S. in Geology and Geophysics

Publisher

Missouri University of Science and Technology

Publication Date

Spring 2018

Pagination

xi, 91 pages

Note about bibliography

Includes bibliographical references (pages 85-90).

Geographic Coverage

New Zealand; Gulf of Mexico

Rights

© 2018 Ersin Erdem Unkaracalar, All rights reserved.

Document Type

Thesis - Open Access

File Type

text

Language

English

Thesis Number

T 11324

Electronic OCLC #

1041858912

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