Effect of Mechanical Property Anisotropy in Shales and Fracture Spacing on Fracture Aperture

Editor(s)

Sterling R., Detournay E., Pettitt W., Labuz J.F., Petersen L.

Abstract

Multiple transverse hydraulic fractures are created simultaneously in each stage for economically viable production of hydrocarbons in shales. The spacing between fractures is an important component to consider when developing an optimum stimulation design. Another important aspect to consider,that is often overlooked,is the anisotropy of mechanical properties inherent in shales. This study aims to provide an insight into the controlling effects of fracture spacing and different levels of rock property anisotropy on the fracture aperture during simultaneous fracture initiation and propagation. Multiple fracture propagation is simulated using 3-Dimensional [3D] finite element models [FEM]. All simulations in this study include simultaneous propagation of four fractures in pre-defined planes using cohesive elements in a linear elastic medium. Numerous FEMs with varying spacing between fractures and varying levels of anisotropy are generated to analyze the effect of spacing and rock anisotropy on the fracture apertures of the edge fractures and center fractures. The multi-fracture propagation model used in this study is capable of showing the isolated influence of each parameter tested. The results show that there is a significant effect on the fracture widths of center and edge fractures across the entire range of fracture spacing considered in the study. The center fractures are more sensitive to changes in fracture spacing and changes in elastic moduli.

Meeting Name

48th US Rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium: Rock Mechanics Across Length and Time Scales (2014: Jun. 1-4, Minneapolis MN.)

Department(s)

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering

Keywords and Phrases

Finite Element Method; Geomechanics; Hydraulic Fracturing; Mechanical Properties; Mechanics; Rock Mechanics; Rocks; Shale; Anisotropy of Mechanical Properties; Economically Viable; Fracture Apertures; Fracture Initiation; Fracture Spacing; Linear Elastic Medium; Multiple Fracture; Stimulation Design

International Standard Book Number (ISBN)

978-1634395236

Document Type

Article - Conference proceedings

Document Version

Citation

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2014 American Rock Mechanics Association (ARMA), All rights reserved.

Publication Date

01 Jun 2014

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