Abstract
Past research has shown substantial reductions in the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) concentrations by using 10% -25% exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in spark ignition (SI) engines (see Dudek and Sain, 1989). However, under high EGR levels, the engine exhibits strong cyclic dispersion in heat release which may lead to instability and unsatisfactory performance preventing commercial engines to operate with high EGR levels. A neural network (NN)-based output feedback controller is developed to reduce cyclic variation in the heat release under high levels of EGR even when the engine dynamics are unknown by using fuel as the control input. A separate control loop was designed for controlling EGR levels. The stability analysis of the closed-loop system is given and the boundedness of the control input is demonstrated by relaxing separation principle, persistency of excitation condition, certainty equivalence principle, and linear in the unknown parameter assumptions. Online training is used for the adaptive NN and no offline training phase is needed. This online learning feature and model-free approach is used to demonstrate the applicability of the controller on a different engine with minimal effort. Simulation results demonstrate that the cyclic dispersion is reduced significantly using the proposed controller when implemented on an engine model that has been validated experimentally. For a single cylinder research engine fitted with a modern four-valve head (Ricardo engine), experimental results at 15% EGR indicate that cyclic dispersion was reduced 33% by the controller, an improvement of fuel efficiency by 2%, and a 90% drop in NOx from stoichiometric operation without EGR was observed. Moreover, unburned hydrocarbons (uHC) drop by 6% due to NN control as compared to the uncontrolled scenario due to the drop in cyclic dispersion. Similar performance was observed with the controller on a different engine.
Recommended Citation
J. B. Vance et al., "Neural Network Controller Development and Implementation for Spark Ignition Engines with High EGR Levels," IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Jan 2007.
The definitive version is available at https://doi.org/10.1109/TNN.2007.899199
Department(s)
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Second Department
Computer Science
Third Department
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Keywords and Phrases
Adaptive Control; Neural Networks (NNs); Nonlinear Systems; Observers; Output Feedback
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
1045-9227
Document Type
Article - Journal
Document Version
Final Version
File Type
text
Language(s)
English
Rights
© 2007 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), All rights reserved.
Publication Date
01 Jan 2007
Included in
Aerospace Engineering Commons, Computer Sciences Commons, Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons, Mechanical Engineering Commons, Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering Commons
