Doctoral Dissertations

Abstract

"Nanoparticles are engineered structure with at least one dimension of 100 nanometers or less. These materials are increasingly being used for commercial purposes such as catalyst, semiconductor, cosmetics, microelectronic, and drug carrier. However, the toxicological impact of these materials has not yet been studied in detail, thereby limiting their use. In our present study, we use human brain endothelial cell line as a blood-brain barrier (BBB) model to investigate if two kinds of nanoparticles [ 1). Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) and 2). single wall carbon nanotube (CNT) ] induced oxidative stress in cell model. Our studies showed that DEPs or CNT significantly decreased the levels of intracellular glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased dramatically after DEPs or CNT treatment, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased after DEPs or CNT exposure as well. In order to determine whether DEPs/CNT-induced oxidative stress in BBB cells alters BBB integrity, permeability and trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) tests were performed. Cells exposed to DEPs or CNT showed significant increases in cell permeability and significant decreases in TEER compared to those of control. These results strongly suggest that DEPs or CNT induce oxidative stress in human brain endothelial cells and disrupt the integrity of the BBB. We hypothesize that nano material such as DEPs or CNT induced oxidative damage may contribute to the increase incidences of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, an antioxidant should be recommended in the areas with nanoparticle exposure related disease"--Abstract, page iii.

Advisor(s)

Ercal, Nuran

Committee Member(s)

Ma, Yinfa
Shannon, Katie
Nam, Paul Ki-souk
Whitefield, Philip D.

Department(s)

Chemistry

Degree Name

Ph. D. in Chemistry

Publisher

Missouri University of Science and Technology

Publication Date

Spring 2012

Journal article titles appearing in thesis/dissertation

  • Diesel exhaust particles induced oxidative stress in human brain endothelial cells
  • Single wall carbon nanotube induced oxidative stress in human brain endothelial cells

Pagination

x, 104 pages

Note about bibliography

Includes bibliographical references.

Rights

© 2012 Xinsheng Zhang, All rights reserved.

Document Type

Dissertation - Open Access

File Type

text

Language

English

Subject Headings

BrainNanoparticlesNervous system -- Degeneration -- ResearchOxidative stress -- Health aspects

Thesis Number

T 10017

Print OCLC #

817742393

Electronic OCLC #

909412025

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Included in

Chemistry Commons

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