Multi-Model Z-Compression for High Speed Data Streaming and Low-Power Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have significant limitations in terms of available bandwidth and energy. The limited bandwidth in WSNs can cause delays in message delivery, which does not suit the real-time sensing applications such as a gas leak. Moreover, in such applications, there are multi-modal sensors whose values like temperature, gas concentration, location, and CO 2 levels must be transmitted together for correct and timely detection of a gas leak. In this paper, we propose a novel Z-order based data compression scheme, Z-compression, to reduce energy consumption and save bandwidth without increasing message delivery latency. Instead of using the popular Huffman tree style based encoding, the Z-compression uses Z-order encoding to map the multidimensional sensing data into one-dimensional binary stream transmitted using a single packet. Our experimental evaluations using different real-world datasets show that the Z-compression has a much better compression ratio, energy, and bandwidth savings than known schemes like LEC, Adaptive-LEC, FELACS, and TinyPack for multi-modal sensor data. Through the extensive experiments, we show that Z-compression is suitable for real-world sensing applications requiring high-stream rate WSNs and delay-tolerant low-power listening WSNs. In high-stream rate WSNs, the Z-compression can save bandwidth and increases the throughput. In low-power listening WSNs, by concatenating the Z-compressed data at selected reporting nodes, we can reduce the duty cycles of the nodes in WSNs, thus prolong the lifetime of the network, and still maintain the low distortion rate.

Department(s)

Computer Science

Research Center/Lab(s)

Intelligent Systems Center

Second Research Center/Lab

Center for Research in Energy and Environment (CREE)

Third Research Center/Lab

Center for High Performance Computing Research

Comments

This research is partly supported by a NSF Grant CNS 1461914 and a DOE Grant P200A120110.

Keywords and Phrases

Data compression; Sensor network; Z-order

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

0926-8782; 1573-7578

Document Type

Article - Journal

Document Version

Citation

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2019 Springer New York LLC, All rights reserved.

Publication Date

01 Mar 2020

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