Polymetal Phosphate Cement From Tin Fuming Furnace Slag: Hydration Mechanism, Mechanical Performance, And Environmental Safety

Author

Peiwen Lv
Xintao Zhou
Zhongqiu Luo
Cuirong Yan
Xiunan Cai
Ting Huang
Pingyan Wang
Hongyan Ma, Missouri University of Science and TechnologyFollow

Abstract

Phosphate cement materials are ideal binders for the rapid repairment of civil engineering and solidification/stabilization of hazardous solid wastes due to their fast setting, high early strength and strong adhesion. However, the use of pure metal oxides as the raw base materials and their deactive pretreatment result in the high cost and energy consumption, limiting its broad applications. In this study, an eco-friendly polymetal phosphate cement (PMPC) was developed using tin fuming furnace slag (TFFS) as the primary base material. The hydration behavior, microstructure, mechanical properties, and environmental safety of PMPC were comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that the hydration reactions produced a variety of hydrates including crystalline phases ((NH₄)₂Fe(PO₃OH)₂·4 H₂O and NH₄CaPO₄·H₂O), as well as amorphous phases like silica gel, iron oxyhydroxide, and iron phosphates. The compressive strength initially increased and then decreased with the increase of TFFS/ADP mass ratio, reaching a maximum of 48.5 MPa (28 d) at a ratio of 2.0. The amount of the hydrates contributed more to the strength development than the porosity. Toxicity leaching tests showed that the leaching concentrations of various heavy metals in PMPC pastes are always below the regulatory limited values, confirming the environmental safety of the technology. This research provides a feasible reutilization approach for TFFS and enriches the preparation methods of phosphate cement materials.

Recommended Citation

P. Lv et al., "Polymetal Phosphate Cement From Tin Fuming Furnace Slag: Hydration Mechanism, Mechanical Performance, And Environmental Safety," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 472, article no. 140906, Elsevier, Apr 2025.

The definitive version is available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140906

Department(s)

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering

Publication Status

Full Text Access

Comments

National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant 22406075

Keywords and Phrases

Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; Hydration mechanism; Leaching; Polymetal phosphate cement; Tin fuming furnace slag

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

0950-0618

Document Type

Article - Journal

Document Version

Citation

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2025 Elsevier, All rights reserved.

Publication Date

18 Apr 2025