Protecting Spacecraft Against MMOD Impact Damage: Are Spheres Really the Correct Shape to Use in Impact Predictions?
Abstract
Meteoroids and orbital debris (MMOD) pose a serious damage threat to all spacecraft. Extensive studies continue to be performed that are devoted to investigating and assessing the MMOD threat, as well as to protecting spacecraft through a variety of shielding techniques. Dual-wall configurations have repeatedly been shown to provide large increases in protection against perforation by relatively small high-speed projectiles over equivalent single-wall structures. in this paper, ballistic limit equations (BLEs) for various non-spherical projectile shapes are presented in several formats and compared against a corresponding spherical projectile-Based BLE. It is shown that, depending on how BLEs are presented, the effect of projectile shape on penetrating ability is not as severe as once thought and that a sphere is not necessarily the least damaging projectile shape. While easier to analyze, the sphere may in many cases actually result in heavier shields than flakes or cubes when considering how the orbital debris environment is actually described - which is using a radar cross section (RCS) basis.
Recommended Citation
W. P. Schonberg and J. E. Williamsen, "Protecting Spacecraft Against MMOD Impact Damage: Are Spheres Really the Correct Shape to Use in Impact Predictions?," European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP, no. SP thru 645, European Space Agency, Jul 2007.
Department(s)
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
0379-6566
Document Type
Article - Conference proceedings
Document Version
Citation
File Type
text
Language(s)
English
Rights
© 2024 European Space Agency, All rights reserved.
Publication Date
01 Jul 2007