Liver Toxicity of Chemical Warfare Agents
Abstract
Chemical-induced liver injury is encountered in a variety of circumstances. Some natural toxins such as the peptides of Amanita phalloides, the pyrrolizidine alkaloids, the toxin of the cycad nut, and other plant toxins are hazards posed by the environment. Some mycotoxins are ingested unknowingly because of feed contamination due to climatic conditions favorable to fungal growth. Liver cells have the potential to accumulate high levels of metals and vitamins, which can lead to toxic injury. Excessive vitamin a storage in stellate cells acutely leads to activation and proliferation of these cells, while chronic high levels can lead to hepatic fibrosis and portal hypertension, precipitating increased fibrosis. the liver is also responsible for iron homeostasis. There is a receptor-mediated uptake of iron from the sinusoids and sequestration in storage proteins such as ferritin. High levels of iron cause lipid peroxidation of zone 1 hepatocytes. Various warfare agents that affect liver are microcystins, aflatoxins, ricin, and antrax. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Recommended Citation
S. K. Ramaiah and A. Banerjee, "Liver Toxicity of Chemical Warfare Agents," Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents, pp. 549 - 560, Elsevier, Dec 2009.
The definitive version is available at https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012374484-5.00037-7
Department(s)
Chemistry
International Standard Book Number (ISBN)
978-012374484-5
Document Type
Article - Journal
Document Version
Citation
File Type
text
Language(s)
English
Rights
© 2024 Elsevier, All rights reserved.
Publication Date
01 Dec 2009
