Adsorption of Metal and Metalloid Ions onto Nanoporous Microparticles Functionalized by Atomic Layer Deposition

Abstract

A novel material was prepared by depositing ultrathin TiO2 films on nanoporous micron-sized silica gel particles by atomic layer deposition (ALD). Silica gel particles were coated with 20 and 40 cycles of TiO2 films by ALD. Half samples were heated at 500°C to change the crystal structure of TiO2. Their adsorption ability for a mixture of 19 trace elements of heavy metals and other toxic elements, including As(V), Se(IV), Be(II), Al(III), V(V), Cr(III), Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Ba(II), Tl(I), Sb(III), Cd(II), Ag(I), Sr(II), Mo(VI), and Pb(II), from aqueous solutions was investigated. The removal efficiencies of As(V), Se(IV), V(V), Mo(VI), and Pb(II) were higher than 75% simultaneously in the mixed solution at pH 3 for 20 and 40 cycles of TiO2 coated silica gel particles without heat treatment. In contrast, the uncoated silica gel particles did not adsorb any ions under this pH condition. At pH 5, the 20 cycles of TiO2 coated samples without heat treatment removed 95% As(V), 95% Se(IV), 86% V(V), 94% Mo(VI), 60% Pb(II), 40% Sb(III), 73% Ag(I), 72% Cu(II), and 49% Ba(II) simultaneously. Before heat treatment, the TiO2 coated samples showed better adsorption performance than the samples with heat treatment due to the fact that the TiO2 surface area decreased and thereby the amount of adsorption sites reduced after heat treatment. The micron-sized adsorbent particles were separated easily from water due to their large particle size, making it practically suitable for trace contaminant remediation in water.

Department(s)

Chemistry

Second Department

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering

Comments

This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation grant NSF CBET 1402122 and in part by Environmental Research Center at Missouri University of Science and Technology.

Keywords and Phrases

Adsorption; Atoms; Beryllium; Cadmium; Chromium Compounds; Copper; Crystal Structure; Deposition; Heat Treatment; Heavy Metals; Lead; Manganese; Particle Size; pH Effects; Silica; Silica Gel; Solutions; Strontium; Titanium Dioxide; Trace Elements; Ultrathin Films; Water Treatment; Zinc Compounds; Adsorbent Particle; Adsorption Ability; Adsorption Performance; After-Heat Treatment; Large Particle Sizes; Nanoporous Silica; Removal Efficiencies; Silica Gel Particles; Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD); Nanoporous Silica Particle; TiO2

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

2213-3437

Document Type

Article - Journal

Document Version

Citation

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2016 Elsevier, All rights reserved.

Publication Date

01 Dec 2016

Share

 
COinS