Grafting of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) and Polypropylene with Styrene in a Supercritical CO₂ Solvent Medium: Synthesis and Characterization

Abstract

Graft copolymerization of styrene onto poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and polypropylene (PP) was carried out in a supercritical CO2 medium using AIBN as a free radical initiator. The supercritical CO2 medium served as a reaction medium in addition to being a solvent for the styrene monomer and the free radical initiator. The reaction temperature and pressure were kept above the critical points of the solvent-monomer mixture to form a homogeneous single-phase medium. The resulting graft copolymers were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. The weight percent of grafting was determined using IR absorbance ratio technique. TGA results showed that the thermal stabilily of grafted copolymer of PVC was better than that of PVC, while grafted copolymer of PP had poorer thermal stability than PP. DSC results showed that glass transition temperatures (Tg's) of the grafted copolymers were higher than those of the starting polymers PVC and PP. The presence of polystyrene attached to the backbone polymer was confirmed by 1H NMR and 13C NMR analyses.

Department(s)

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering

Keywords and Phrases

Carbon Dioxide; Differential Scanning Calorimetry; Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy; Grafting (Chemical); Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Polypropylenes; Polyvinyl Chlorides; Styrene; Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Solvent; Supercritical Fluids; Synthesis (Chemical); Thermodynamic Stability

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

0032-3888

Document Type

Article - Journal

Document Version

Citation

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2001 John Wiley & Sons, All rights reserved.

Publication Date

01 Nov 2001

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