The Effect of Calcination on Reactive Milling of Anthracite as Potential Precursor for Graphite Production

Abstract

The effect of a pretreatment using reactive ball milling and calcination on the graphitizability of an anthracite coal is explored. A thermal anneal of Buck Mountain anthracite at 1400 °C in argon increased the Lc crystallite dimension (from 12 to 20 Å) and led to an increase in the oxidation temperature of the product. Ball milling of the coal reduced particle size with a nominal effect on carbon order and the degree of graphitization after the 1400 °C thermal anneal (Lc from 18 to 29 Å). Ball milling in cyclohexene led to a substantial increase in the graphitizability at 1400 °C (Lc from 12 to 50Å). The enhanced reactivity was due to both carbon structure and introduced metal. The products of the mechano-chemical pretreatment and thermal anneal consisted of nanographene ribbons and multi-walled nanopolyhedral particles. It oxidized at moderate temperatures and had a high (74.3%) degree of graphitization based on X-ray diffraction analysis; the derived material has potential as filler for production of graphite.

Department(s)

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering

Sponsor(s)

Premium Carbon Products From Coal

Comments

The work has been funded by the Consortium for Premium Carbon Products From Coal, a DOE consortium in collaboration with PSU, WVU, and the carbon and coal industry

Keywords and Phrases

Ball-milled; Ball-milled anthracite; Hydrocarbon solvents; Argon; Ball milling; Calcination; Graphite; Graphitization; Milling (machining); Milling machines; Olefins; Organic compounds; Spheres; Structural metals; X ray diffraction analysis; Anthracite; Anthracite calcinations; Anthracite milling in hydrocarbon solvent; Anthracite structure; Ball-milled anthracite; Graphite precursor

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

0378-3820

Document Type

Article - Journal

Document Version

Citation

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2009 Elsevier, All rights reserved.

Publication Date

01 Dec 2009

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