Facile Microwave-Assisted Synthetic Approach To Palladium Nanoparticles Supported On Copper Oxide As An Efficient Catalyst For Heck And Sonogashira Cross-Coupling Reactions

Abstract

A simple green one-step method for the synthesis of highly active palladium nanoparticles embedded on copper oxide as an efficient catalyst for ligand-free Heck and Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions has been developed. The synthetic approach is based on Microwave (MW)-assisted simultaneous chemical reduction of an aqueous solution of palladium and copper salts using hydrazine hydrate as the reducing agent. Selected characterization of the catalyst with transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) reveal a size range of 25±2nm for the generated catalyst nanoparticles with the highest catalytic activity. The use of the generated Pd/CuO nanoparticles is highly advantageous due to the use of ethanol/water as an environmentally green solvent under mild reaction conditions. Furthermore, the synthesized Pd/CuO nanoparticles catalyst can be recycled and re-used up to five times with negligible effect on the efficiency having turnover number up to 6000 and turnover frequency reaching 72000h-1 for 20wt.% Pd loaded catalyst at 150°C.

Department(s)

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering

Keywords and Phrases

catalysis; copper oxide; Heck cross-coupling; hydrazine hydrate; microwave heating; Pd nanoparticles

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

0219-581X

Document Type

Article - Journal

Document Version

Citation

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2023 World Scientific Publishing, All rights reserved.

Publication Date

01 Oct 2019

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