Abstract
The pore geometry of scaffold intended for the use in the bone repair or replacement is one of the most important parameters in bone tissue engineering. It affects not only the mechanical properties of the scaffold but also the amount of bone regeneration after implantation. Scaffolds with five different architectures (cubic, spherical, x, gyroid, and diamond) at different porosities were fabricated with bioactive borate glass using the selective laser sintering (SLS) process. The compressive strength of scaffolds with porosities ranging from 60% to 30% varied from 1.7 to 15.5 MPa. The scaffold's compressive strength decreased significantly (up to 90%) after 1-week immersion in simulated body fluids. Degradation of scaffolds is dependent on porosity, in which the scaffold with the largest surface area has the largest reduction in strength. Scaffolds with traditional cubic architecture and biomimetic diamond architecture were implanted in 4.6 mm diameter full-thickness rat calvarial defects for 6 weeks to evaluate the bone regeneration with or without bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2). Histological analysis indicated no significant difference in bone formation in the defects treated with the two different architectures. However, the defects treated with the diamond architecture scaffolds had more fibrous tissue formation and thus have the potential for faster bone formation. Overall, the results indicated that borate glass scaffolds fabricated using the SLS process have the potential for bone repair and the addition of BMP-2 significantly improves bone regeneration.
Recommended Citation
K. C. Kolan et al., "3D-Printed Biomimetic Bioactive Glass Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration in Rat Calvarial Defects," International Journal of Bioprinting, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 1 - 17, Whioce Publishing Pte. Ltd., Apr 2020.
The definitive version is available at https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.v6i2.274
Department(s)
Biological Sciences
Second Department
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Research Center/Lab(s)
Center for Research in Energy and Environment (CREE)
Keywords and Phrases
Bioactive borate glass; In vivo bone formation; Pore geometry; Porosity; Scaffold architecture; Selective laser sintering
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
2424-8002
Document Type
Article - Journal
Document Version
Final Version
File Type
text
Language(s)
English
Rights
© 2020 Krishna C R Kolan, Yue-Wern Huang, Julie A Semon, Ming C Leu, All rights reserved.
Creative Commons Licensing
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 License
Publication Date
29 Apr 2020
