Abstract
Very unusual rocks consisting of natrolite (>95 vol.%) ± pargasite (<5 vol.%) and rare albite (<1 vol. %) have been discovered in the Kop mountain range, eastern Turkey. We propose to call these rocks 'natrolitite' and 'pargasite natrolitite'. They were produced by Na Si metasomatism of dikes and stocks of diorite through replacement of the intermediate primary igneous plagioclase to produce natrolite. The metasomatic alteration produced concentric elliptical zones characterized by distinct mineral assemblages centered on intrusions of diorite. The Central Zone 1 consists of variably albitized diorite with preserved magmatic textures (albite ± andesine ± pargasite ± quartz). Transition Zone 2 comprises natrolite-bearing diorite (natrolite ± albite ± andesine ± pargasite ± calcite ± quartz). Marginal Zone 3 is a rock made up almost entirely of natrolite (natrolite ± pargasite ± albite ± calcite ± chlorite). Outer Zone 4 occurs along the boundary between the natrolitite and the surrounding serpentinite and consists of listvenite, a rock which comprises magnesite, quartz, calcite, mica, talc, and hematite, indicating a role for CO2 in the metasomatic reactions, consistent with the presence of calcite in the alteration zones. Zone 5 consists essentially of brecciated serpentinite with numerous hydrothermal quartz veins and calcite veins. Whole-rock compositions document an increase in Na2O, Al2O3, and H2O from the core (central zone) to the margin while CaO, MgO, and SiO2 decrease. Plagioclase abundance and composition also varies outwards from the central core rocks where it occurs as a primary magmatic phase (~95 vol.% An41-38) to the alteration zones (<5 vol.% An32-37) due to partial to complete replacement of plagioclase by natrolite with or without rare albite. The natrolites exhibit little variation in Si/Al ratios, ranging between 1.45 and 1.61, and are similar in composition to those reported in the literature. Accompanying pargasitic amphibole also becomes progressively more sodic in composition from the core rocks to the marginal zone rocks. Our analysis indicates that albitization preceded the formation of natrolite and that the formation of natrolite, instead of other more typical alteration minerals (e.g. analcime and paragonite), reflects Na metasomatism at lower chemical potentials for Al2O3 and SiO2. Potential sources of Na could be hypersaline brines or leaching of country rocks, such as trondhiemites. The fluids were driven in hydrothermal convection cells set up by the intrusion of the diorites.
Recommended Citation
E. Ciftci et al., "Natrolitite, an Unusual Rock -- Occurrence and Petrographic and Geochemical Characteristics (Eastern Turkey)," Clays and Clay Minerals, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 207 - 221, Clay Mineral Society, Apr 2008.
The definitive version is available at https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2008.0560206
Department(s)
Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering
Keywords and Phrases
Kop Mountains; Eastern Turkey; Listvenite; Metasomatism; Natrolite; Natrolitite; Pargasite; Zeolites
Geographic Coverage
Eastern Turkey
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
0009-8604
Document Type
Article - Journal
Document Version
Final Version
File Type
text
Language(s)
English
Rights
© 2008 Clay Mineral Society, All rights reserved.
Publication Date
01 Apr 2008