Finding an Optimal Driving Strategy for an Electric Bus based on Operational Data

Abstract

One of the clean energy initiatives at Missouri S&T is an electric shuttle bus service, the Ebus. It provides valuable operational data for a fleet-type electric vehicle (EV) operating over a fixed route. The primary aim of this study is to use the daily operational data obtained from the Ebus in order to formulate an optimal driving strategy. Existing research efforts to improve EVs focus on improvements to the architecture and the energy management strategy. However, they fail to provide the driver with an optimal driving strategy leading to suboptimal use of the stored battery energy. This shortcoming was addressed here by implementing a multi-objective approach to find an optimal driving strategy for an electric bus. The driving strategy was taken to comprise two parts: a constant trip speed and an acceleration value to achieve that speed. From the operational data, the efficiency and power consumption of the electric motor were computed for different speeds. By assuming the entire trip was executed at a constant speed, the range for each speed was calculated. The speeds were ranked based on their corresponding ranges. Then, to achieve the optimal speed, the acceleration duration and energy consumption for different acceleration values were computed. The values were ranked based on the trade-off between duration and energy. The choice of driving strategy (exact speed and acceleration values) is left to the driver since different strategies would be needed for different road conditions. This multi-objective approach gives flexibility to the driver and promotes optimal use of the stored battery energy, thereby enhancing the energy efficiency and range of the Ebus. It can be easily implemented in other electric vehicles as well.

Meeting Name

ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, ES2015 (2015: Jun. 28-Jul. 2, San Diego, CA)

Department(s)

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Keywords and Phrases

Buses; Cell engineering; Chemical analysis; Cooling systems; Digital storage; Economic and social effects; Electric batteries; Electric power transmission networks; Energy efficiency; Energy utilization; Fleet operations; Secondary batteries; Solar power generation; Speed; Sustainable development; Wind power; Constant speed; Different speed; Driving strategy; Energy management strategies; Multi objective; Operational data; Research efforts; Road condition; Smart power grids

International Standard Book Number (ISBN)

978-0-7918-5685-7

Document Type

Article - Conference proceedings

Document Version

Citation

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2015 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), All rights reserved.

Publication Date

01 Jun 2015

Link to Full Text

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