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| Title: | Occurrence of organic chemicals in two rivers inhabited by Ozark hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi). |
| Author (s): | Solis, Mauricio Liu, Chihchin Nam, Paul Ki-souk Niyogi, Dev Bandeff, Janet Huang, Yue-wern |
| Department/Lab Affiliations: | Biological Sciences Center for Environmental Science and Technology (CEST) Chemistry Environmental Research Center |
| Keywords: | Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi. Occurrence. Ozark hellbenders. |
| Subject Terms: | Organic compounds. |
| Issue Date: | 2007 |
| Publisher: | Springer |
| Citation: | Mauricio Solis, Chihchin Liu, Bandeff, Janet, Nam, Paul, Niyogi, Dev, and Huang, Yue-wern. 2007. Occurrence of organic chemicals in two rivers inhabited by Ozark hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi). Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 53:426-434. |
| Abstract: | Ozark Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi) populations are in decrease throughout their native range with rare recruitment of young. Increased estrogenic chemical levels and alterations of physicochemical properties in their habitat may play a significant role in this phenomenon. We report here the first systematic, comprehensive study of organic chemical concentrations and physical and nutrient parameters in two rivers containing Ozark hellbender populations. Water samples were collected monthly from August 2003 to November 2004. Concentrations of 21 organic chemicals were determined using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Nine organic chemicals were detected. Benzyl butyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, bisphenol A, and β-sitosterol were all detected >85% of the time, with median concentrations of 18 to 234 ng/L and maximum concentrations of 198 to 4141 ng/L. Individually, concentrations of nutrients and organic chemicals were much lower than those shown previously in laboratory and field experiments to have reproductive effects on amphibians. Nevertheless, hellbenders are exposed to a variety of chemicals with potential estrogenic effects. Our study establishes the basis to examine the specific effects of the detected concentrations, alone and in combination, on the Ozark hellbenders. |
| Type: | Article - Journal text |
| Copyright Notice: | This material is presented to ensure timely dissemination of scholarly and technical work. Copyright and all rights therein are retained by authors or by other copyright holders. All persons copying this information are expected to adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by each author's copyright. In most cases, these works may not be reposted without the explicit permission of the copyright holder. FULL COPYRIGHT INFORMATION: |
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| title | Occurrence of organic chemicals in two rivers inhabited by Ozark hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi). |
| contributor.author | Solis, Mauricio |
| contributor.author | Liu, Chihchin |
| contributor.author | Nam, Paul Ki-souk |
| contributor.author | Niyogi, Dev |
| contributor.author | Bandeff, Janet |
| contributor.author | Huang, Yue-wern |
| contributor.deptlab | Biological Sciences |
| contributor.deptlab | Center for Environmental Science and Technology (CEST) |
| contributor.deptlab | Chemistry |
| contributor.deptlab | Environmental Research Center |
| contributor.sponsor | Missouri Department of Conservation |
| contributor.sponsor | St Louis Zoo |
| subject | Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi. |
| subject | Occurrence. |
| subject | Ozark hellbenders. |
| subject.LCSH | Organic compounds. |
| date.issued | 2007 |
| publisher | Springer |
| identifier.citation | Mauricio Solis, Chihchin Liu, Bandeff, Janet, Nam, Paul, Niyogi, Dev, and Huang, Yue-wern. 2007. Occurrence of organic chemicals in two rivers inhabited by Ozark hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi). Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 53:426-434. |
| identifier.pub.URI | |
| description.abstract | Ozark Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi) populations are in decrease throughout their native range with rare recruitment of young. Increased estrogenic chemical levels and alterations of physicochemical properties in their habitat may play a significant role in this phenomenon. We report here the first systematic, comprehensive study of organic chemical concentrations and physical and nutrient parameters in two rivers containing Ozark hellbender populations. Water samples were collected monthly from August 2003 to November 2004. Concentrations of 21 organic chemicals were determined using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Nine organic chemicals were detected. Benzyl butyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, bisphenol A, and β-sitosterol were all detected >85% of the time, with median concentrations of 18 to 234 ng/L and maximum concentrations of 198 to 4141 ng/L. Individually, concentrations of nutrients and organic chemicals were much lower than those shown previously in laboratory and field experiments to have reproductive effects on amphibians. Nevertheless, hellbenders are exposed to a variety of chemicals with potential estrogenic effects. Our study establishes the basis to examine the specific effects of the detected concentrations, alone and in combination, on the Ozark hellbenders. |
| type | Article - Journal |
| type.DCMIType | text |
| type.status | Final version |
| rights | This material is presented to ensure timely dissemination of scholarly and technical work. Copyright and all rights therein are retained by authors or by other copyright holders. All persons copying this information are expected to adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by each author's copyright. In most cases, these works may not be reposted without the explicit permission of the copyright holder. |
| rights.URI | |
| date.accessioned | 2007-04-11T17:00:48Z |
| date.available | 2007-12-17T20:52:16Z |
| identifier.persist.URI |