Liquid-Phase Sintering and Chemical Inhomogeneity in the BaTiO₃-BaCO₃-LiF System

Abstract

An ongoing goal of multilayer capacitor research is to lower the firing temperature of the dielectric. This paper gives a detailed study of sintering BaTiO3 with LiF flux, which lowers the firing temperature through liquid-phase sintering. A detailed set of experiments is discussed concerning microstructural evolution and corresponding dielectric properties under a number of processing variables, including amount of LiF, sintering temperature, and particle size. Different scales of chemical inhomogeneity were observed in this system, which reflect two underlying mechanisms: solution reprecipitation with limited grain growth at low temperatures, which resulted in distinct core-shell structures, and flux volatility, which gave rise to microscopic chemical inhomogeneity at higher sintering temperatures.

Department(s)

Materials Science and Engineering

Keywords and Phrases

Barium titanate; Dielectric properties; Firing (of materials); Grain growth; Lithium compounds; Microstructure; Multilayers; Particle size analysis; Sintering; Thermal effects; Chemical inhomogeneity; Ternary systems

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

0884-2914

Document Type

Article - Journal

Document Version

Citation

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2000 Materials Research Society (MRS), All rights reserved.

Publication Date

01 Feb 2000

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