Removal of Ungrafted Monomer from Polypropylene-Graft-Maleic Anhydride Via Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction
Abstract
The removal of spent initiator, excess initiator and unbound monomer from newly synthesized polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) has typically been carried out using Soxhlet extraction. Standard solvents used in the Soxhlet process are xylene, toluene, acetone or methanol. These chemicals are not only hazardous to some degree, but also lead to undesirable maleic anhydride (MA) ring opening. This paper establishes that supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) extraction of residuals prevents anhydride ring opening and eliminates the need for post-extraction vacuumdrying of the copolymer product. an added benefit of this innovative process is that environmentally friendly carbon dioxide (CO2) is used in place of harmful solvents. the successful extraction of the residuals is established by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), whereas FTIR spectroscopy is used to compare the anhydride content of Soxhlet-extracted PP-g-MA to that of scCO2-extracted copolymer.
Recommended Citation
K. Clark and S. Lee, "Removal of Ungrafted Monomer from Polypropylene-Graft-Maleic Anhydride Via Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction," Polymer Engineering and Science, vol. 44, no. 9, pp. 1636 - 1641, Wiley Interscience, Sep 2004.
The definitive version is available at https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.20161
Department(s)
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
Sponsor(s)
National Institutes of Health (U.S.)
National Science Foundation (U.S.)
Keywords and Phrases
Carbon Dioxide Extraction; FTIR Spectroscopy; Soxhlet Extraction; Ungrafted Monomer; Anhydride Ring Opening; Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
0032-3888
Document Type
Article - Journal
Document Version
Citation
File Type
text
Language(s)
English
Rights
© 2004 Wiley Interscience, All rights reserved.
Publication Date
28 Sep 2004