Ionic Liquid Electrolytes For Lithium Batteries: Synthesis, Electrochemical, and Cytotoxicity Studies

Abstract

We have synthesized and determined the electrochemical and thermal stabilities of a series of 1-methyl-3-alkoxyalkyl and 1-methyl-3-fluoroalkyl imidazolium and the corresponding pyrrolidinium-based ionic liquids and estimated the cytotoxicities of representative ionic liquids. The pyrrolidinium-TFSI based ionic liquids have wide electrochemical stability (>5.7-6.2 V vs. Li/Li+) but show limited thermal stabilities and lithium cell discharge characteristics, as compared to those that are imidazolium-based (4.8-5.1 V vs. Li/Li+). The fluoroalkyl-derived ionic liquids typically have superior thermal stability (Td > 350 °C) as compared to the alkoxyalkyl-substituted analogues. In all these cases, TFSI- anion-based ionic liquids are thermally and electrochemically more stable than the BF4 - anion-based analogues. We have also shown that the imidazolium-based ionic liquids are relatively nontoxic and their EC50 values are comparable to their corresponding lithium salts.

Department(s)

Biological Sciences

Second Department

Chemistry

Keywords and Phrases

Cytotoxicity; Electrochemical stability; Imidazolium; Imidazolium-based; Imidazolium-based ionic liquid; Ionic liquid electrolytes; Lithium cells; Lithium salts; Non-aqueous electrolytes; Pyrrolidinium; Pyrrolidinium-based ionic liquid; Electric batteries; Electric discharges; Electrolytes; Lithium batteries; Thermodynamic stability; Ionic liquids; Lithium batteries

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

0378-7753

Document Type

Article - Journal

Document Version

Citation

File Type

text

Language(s)

English

Rights

© 2013 Elsevier, All rights reserved.

Publication Date

01 Feb 2013

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